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在進行操作前，應首先檢查電極的完好性。甘汞(gong)電極(ji)。由于復(fu)(fu)合(he)電(dian)極使用比較廣泛，以下主要討(tao)論復(fu)(fu)合(he)電(dian)極。

實驗室(shi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)復合(he)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)主要有(you)全封閉(bi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)和非封閉(bi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)兩種(zhong)，全封閉(bi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)比(bi)較(jiao)少，主要是(shi)(shi)以(yi)國(guo)外企業(ye)生產為(wei)主。復合(he)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)前首先檢查玻璃球泡是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)裂痕(hen)、破碎(sui)，如(ru)果沒有(you)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)pH緩沖(chong)(chong)溶(rong)液(ye)進(jin)行(xing)兩點標定時，定位(wei)(wei)與斜(xie)率按鈕均可調(diao)(diao)節到(dao)對應的(de)pH值時，一般認為(wei)可以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，否(fou)則(ze)可按使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)說明書進(jin)行(xing)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)活化(hua)處理。活化(hua)方法是(shi)(shi)在(zai)4%氟化(hua)氫溶(rong)液(ye)中浸3~5 s左(zuo)右(you)，取出(chu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)蒸餾水進(jin)行(xing)沖(chong)(chong)洗，然后在(zai)0.1mol/L的(de)鹽(yan)酸(suan)溶(rong)液(ye)中浸泡數小(xiao)時后，用(yong)(yong)(yong)蒸餾水沖(chong)(chong)洗干凈，再進(jin)行(xing)標定，即(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)pH值為(wei)6.86(25℃)的(de)緩沖(chong)(chong)溶(rong)液(ye)進(jin)行(xing)定位(wei)(wei)，調(diao)(diao)節好(hao)后任意選擇另一種(zhong)pH緩沖(chong)(chong)溶(rong)液(ye)進(jin)行(xing)斜(xie)率調(diao)(diao)節，如(ru)無(wu)法調(diao)(diao)節到(dao)，則(ze)需更換電(dian)極(ji)(ji)。非封閉(bi)型(xing)(xing)(xing)復合(he)電(dian)極(ji)(ji)，里面(mian)要加(jia)(jia)外參比(bi)溶(rong)液(ye)即(ji)3 mol/L溶(rong)液(ye)，所以(yi)必須檢查電(dian)極(ji)(ji)里的(de)溶(rong)液(ye)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)在(zai)1/3以(yi)上，如(ru)果不到(dao)，需添(tian)加(jia)(jia)3 mol/L**溶(rong)液(ye)。如(ru)果**溶(rong)液(ye)超出(chu)小(xiao)孔位(wei)(wei)置，則(ze)把(ba)(ba)多余的(de)**溶(rong)液(ye)甩掉，使(shi)溶(rong)液(ye)位(wei)(wei)于(yu)小(xiao)孔下面(mian)，并(bing)檢查溶(rong)液(ye)中是(shi)(shi)否(fou)有(you)氣(qi)泡，如(ru)有(you)氣(qi)泡要輕彈電(dian)極(ji)(ji)，把(ba)(ba)氣(qi)泡*趕出(chu)。

在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)(ying)把(ba)(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)上(shang)面的(de)(de)橡皮剝下(xia)，使(shi)小(xiao)孔露在(zai)(zai)外面，否則在(zai)(zai)進行分析時(shi)(shi)，會產生負壓(ya)，導(dao)致**溶(rong)液(ye)不(bu)能順利通過(guo)玻(bo)(bo)璃球(qiu)泡(pao)與(yu)被測(ce)溶(rong)液(ye)進行離子交換，會使(shi)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)數(shu)據不(bu)準確。測(ce)量(liang)(liang)完(wan)成后應(ying)(ying)把(ba)(ba)橡皮復(fu)(fu)原，封住小(xiao)孔。電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)經蒸餾水(shui)清(qing)洗(xi)后，應(ying)(ying)浸(jin)泡(pao)在(zai)(zai)3 mol/L.溶(rong)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)，以保持電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)球(qiu)泡(pao)的(de)(de)濕(shi)潤(run)，如果電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)前發現保護液(ye)已流(liu)失(shi)，則應(ying)(ying)在(zai)(zai)3 mol/L..溶(rong)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)浸(jin)泡(pao)數(shu)小(xiao)時(shi)(shi)，以使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)達到..測(ce)量(liang)(liang)狀態。在(zai)(zai)實際使(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)，發現有的(de)(de)分析人(ren)員把(ba)(ba)復(fu)(fu)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)當作(zuo)玻(bo)(bo)璃電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)來處理，放在(zai)(zai)蒸餾水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)長時(shi)(shi)間浸(jin)泡(pao)，這是(shi)不(bu)正(zheng)確的(de)(de)，這會使(shi)復(fu)(fu)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)內的(de)(de)..溶(rong)液(ye)濃度(du)大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低，導(dao)致在(zai)(zai)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)時(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)反應(ying)(ying)不(bu)靈敏，最終導(dao)致測(ce)量(liang)(liang)數(shu)據不(bu)準確，因此不(bu)應(ying)(ying)把(ba)(ba)復(fu)(fu)合電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)(ji)長時(shi)(shi)間浸(jin)泡(pao)在(zai)(zai)蒸餾水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)。

折疊電極使用

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